Receptive Language
(Hearing and Understanding)
Birth - 3 Months
- Startles
to loud sounds.
- Quiets or smiles when spoken to.
- Seems to recognize your voice and quiets if crying.
- Increases or decreases sucking behavior in respond
to sound.
4 - 6 Months
- Moves
eyes in direction of sounds.
- Responds to change in tone of your voice.
- Notices toys that make sounds.
- Pays attention to music.
12 - 24 Months
- Points
to a few body parts when asked.
- Follows simple commands and understands
simple questions (“Roll the ball”, “Kiss the baby”, “Where’s
your shoe?”).
- Listens to simple stories, songs and rhymes.
- Points to pictures in a book when named.
2 - 3 Years
- Understands
differences in meaning (“go-stop”, “in-on”, “big-little”, “up-down”).
- Follows two requests (“Get the book and put it
on the table”).
3 - 4 Years
- Hears
you when you call from another room.
- Hears television or radio at the same loudness level
as other family members.
- Understands simple “wh” (who,
what, where, why) questions.
4 - 5 Years
- Pays
attention to a short story and answers simple questions about
it.
- Hears and understands most of what is said at home
and in school.
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Expressive Language
(Talking)
Birth - 3 Months
- Makes pleasure
sounds (cooing, gooing).
- Cries differently for different needs.
- Smiles when sees you.
4 - 6 Months
- Babbling sounds
more speech-like with many different sounds, including p, b
and m.
- Vocalizes excitement and displeasure.
- Makes gurgling sounds when left alone and playing
with you.
12 - 24 Months
- Says more words
every month.
- Uses some one- or two- word questions (“Where’s
kitty?”, “Go bye-bye?”, “What’s
that?”).
- Puts two words together (“more cookie”, “no
juice”, “mommy book”).
- Uses many different consonant sounds at the beginning
of words.
2 - 3 Years
- Has a word for
almost everything.
- Uses two- or three- word “sentences” to
talk about and ask for things.
- Speech is understood by familiar listeners most of
the time.
- Often asks for or directs attention to objects by
naming them.
3 - 4 Years
- Talks about activities
at school or at friend’s
homes.
- Speaks clearly enough that people outside of the family
usually understand his or her speech.
- Uses a lot of sentences that have four or more words.
- Usually talks easily without repeating syllables or
words.
4 - 5 Years
- Makes voice sounds
clear like other children’s.
- Uses sentences that give lots of details
(e.g. “I
like to read my books”).
- Tells stories that stick to topic.
- Communicates easily with other children and adults.
- Says most sounds correctly (except perhaps certain
ones such as l, s, r, v, z, ch, sh, th).
- Uses the same grammar as the rest of the family.
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